Industrial Revolution - Wikipedia. A Roberts loom in a weaving shed in 1. Textiles were the leading industry of the Industrial Revolution and mechanized factories, powered by a central water wheel or steam engine, were the new workplace. The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1. This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system. Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested; the textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.[1]The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.[2] By the mid- 1.

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Britain controlled a global trading empire with colonies in North America and Africa, and with some political influence on the Indian subcontinent, through the activities of the East India Company.[3] The development of trade and the rise of business were major causes of the Industrial Revolution.[4]The Industrial Revolution marks a major turning point in history; almost every aspect of daily life was influenced in some way. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth. Some economists say that the major impact of the Industrial Revolution was that the standard of living for the general population began to increase consistently for the first time in history, although others have said that it did not begin to meaningfully improve until the late 1. GDP per capita was broadly stable before the Industrial Revolution and the emergence of the modern capitalist economy,[8] while the Industrial Revolution began an era of per- capita economic growth in capitalist economies.[9] Economic historians are in agreement that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in the history of humanity since the domestication of animals and plants.[1. The precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is still debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.[1.

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Eric Hobsbawm held that the Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the 1. T. S. Ashton held that it occurred roughly between 1. Rapid industrialization first began in Britain, starting with mechanized spinning in the 1. Mechanized textile production spread from Great Britain to continental Europe and the United States in the early 1. Belgium and the United States and later textiles in France.[1]An economic recession occurred from the late 1. Industrial Revolution, such as mechanized spinning and weaving, slowed and their markets matured. Innovations developed late in the period, such as the increasing adoption of locomotives, steamboats and steamships, hot blast iron smelting and new technologies, such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1.

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Rapid economic growth began to occur after 1. Second Industrial Revolution. These new innovations included new steel making processes, the large- scale manufacture of machine tools and the use of increasingly advanced machinery in steam- powered factories.[1][1. Etymology. The earliest recorded use of the term "Industrial Revolution" seems to have been in a letter from 6 July 1.

French envoy Louis- Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise.[1. In his 1. 97. 6 book Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society, Raymond Williams states in the entry for "Industry": "The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1. Blake in the early 1.

Wordsworth at the turn of the [1. The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change was becoming more common by the late 1.

Jérôme- Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1. Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1. However, although Engels wrote in the 1. English until the late 1. Credit for popularising the term may be given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1. When A Stranger Calls Full Movie Online Free. Some historians, such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts, have argued that the economic and social changes occurred gradually and the term revolution is a misnomer.

This is still a subject of debate among some historians. Important technological developments. The commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small number of innovations,[2. By the 1. 83. 0s the following gains had been made in important technologies: Textiles – mechanised cotton spinning powered by steam or water increased the output of a worker by a factor of around 5. The power loom increased the output of a worker by a factor of over 4. The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 5. Large gains in productivity also occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but they were not as great as in cotton.[2.

Steam power – the efficiency of steam engines increased so that they used between one- fifth and one- tenth as much fuel. The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses.[2. The high pressure engine had a high power to weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation.[2. Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1. Iron making – the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost for pig iron and wrought iron production.[2. Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces,[2.

The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1. It was later improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures. The puddling process produced a structural grade iron at a lower cost than the finery forge.[3. The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron. Hot blast (1. 82.

Invention of machine tools – The first machine tools were invented. These included the screw cutting lathe, cylinder boring machine and the milling machine.[3. Watch The Monster Club Online Mic.

Textile manufacture. British textile industry statistics. The share of value added by the cotton textile industry in Britain was 2. Value added by the British woollen industry was 1. Cotton factories in Britain numbered approximately 9.

In 1. 76. 0 approximately one- third of cotton cloth manufactured in Britain was exported, rising to two- thirds by 1. In 1. 78. 1 cotton spun amounted to 5. In 1. 80. 0 less than 0. Britain. In 1. 78. Britain, rising to 7 million over the next 3.