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Cleanzine: your weekly cleaning and hygiene industry newsletter 12th October 2017 Issue no. 793. Your industry news - first Number 1 for Recruitment. Have you been told you need more vitamin D? Healthcare practitioners are increasingly aware of the risks of low vitamin D levels, but many are not aware that high. 9781413516319 1413516319 Los Montoneros - Coleccin de Clsicos de La Literatura Latinoamericana "Carrascalejo de La Jara", Eduardo Gutierrez 4995879072561 Ride to. Here you will find a wealth of resources, from clinical advice to breathtaking erotica, from sweet poetry to motorized dildos, so whether you're a vibrator virtuoso.

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Vitamin D: More Is Not Better. Have you been told you need more vitamin D? Healthcare practitioners are increasingly aware of the risks of low vitamin D levels, but many are not aware that high levels of vitamin D can have toxic effects. Read on to learn the risks of over- supplementation, what factors determine your optimal vitamin D level, and the many reasons to get sunlight exposure beyond just vitamin D. Stock. com/Charlie. AJAVitamin D is critical for health. Virtually every cell in the body has a vitamin D receptor, which, when bound to vitamin D, can influence the expression of more than 2.

Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption in the intestine and maintains calcium and phosphate levels in the blood, protecting against osteoporosis, rickets, and bone fracture (3, 4). It also regulates immune function, cell growth, and neuromuscular function (5, 6). With the many roles that vitamin D plays in the body, deficiency of this fat- soluble vitamin is a real cause for concern. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to increase the risk of heart attack, cancer, diabetes, asthma, and autoimmune disease (7, 8, 9, 1.

Our modern indoor lifestyle limits our sun exposure, and we can only get a small amount of vitamin D from diet (1. According to the lower boundary of the U.

S. lab range of 3. L, as many as 7. 0 percent of Americans are considered deficient (1.

It’s great that awareness about vitamin D deficiency is increasing, with more doctors than ever testing vitamin D levels. However, like many nutrients, vitamin D follows a U- shaped curve, meaning that both low levels and very high levels are associated with negative health outcomes (1. Unfortunately, few practitioners are aware of the dangers of vitamin D toxicity, and many just test serum vitamin D once and recommend a daily 5,0.

IU supplement to their patients. In this article, I’ll discuss the risks of over- supplementation, why you should get most of your vitamin D from sunlight, and the reasoning behind my current approach to vitamin D. Risks of excess vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin D status is measured by 2. OH)D in blood. We’ll dive further into vitamin D metabolism later, but for now, just understand that this is the precursor to active vitamin D and is generally considered the most accurate single marker to assess vitamin D status. The U. S. laboratory reference range for adequate 2. OH)D is 3. 0 to 7.

L, while the Vitamin D Council suggests a higher range of 4. L, with a target of 5. L (1. 7). But a large body of evidence in the medical literature strongly suggests that optimal vitamin D levels might be lower than these figures.

There is little to no evidence showing benefit to 2. OH)D levels above 5. L, and increasing evidence to suggest that levels of this magnitude may cause harm. Consequences of vitamin D toxicity include heart attack, stroke, kidney stones, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, weight loss, and low bone density (1. Furthermore, in most studies, taking vitamin D supplements does not decrease risk of death, cardiovascular disease, or other conditions. Based on an exhaustive review of over 1,0. Institute of Medicine recommends a much more conservative range of 2.

L (1. 9). Some research on Israeli lifeguards suggests that, contrary to popular belief, vitamin D toxicity from sunlight alone (in the absence of supplementation) is possible (2. That said, it is  much more difficult to achieve toxic levels through sun exposure alone.

Sunlight is the optimal source of vitamin D, and has numerous  benefits above and beyond improving vitamin D status. Can your vitamin D levels be too high? I think so. Beyond vitamin D: The many benefits of sunlight. Vitamin D is really just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the benefits of sunlight. A recent 2. 0- year study following 2.

While this study did not assess vitamin D levels, findings from other epidemiological studies suggest that this cannot be accounted for by the increase in vitamin D production alone. Indeed, humans make several important peptide and hormone “photoproducts” when our skin is exposed to the UVB wavelength of sunlight (2.

These include: β- Endorphin: a natural opiate that induces relaxation and increases pain tolerance (2. Calcitonin Gene- Related Peptide: a vasodilator that protects against hypertension, vascular inflammation, and oxidative stress (2. Substance P: a neuropeptide that promotes blood flow and regulates the immune system in response to acute stressors (2. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone: a polypeptide hormone that controls cortisol release by the adrenal glands, thus regulating the immune system and inflammation (2. Melanocyte- Stimulating Hormone: a polypeptide hormone that reduces appetite, increases libido, and is also responsible for increased skin pigmentation (2. Exposure to the UVA wavelength of sunlight has also been shown to have benefits, including increasing the release of nitric oxide from storage (2.

Nitric oxide is a potent cellular signaling molecule that dilates the blood vessels and thus reduces blood pressure (2. In addition to the production of photoproducts and release of nitric oxide, sunlight also entrains circadian rhythms.

Exposure to bright light during the day activates neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, which sends signals to the pineal gland that regulate melatonin production. Disruption of circadian rhythm has been associated with mood disorders, cognitive deficits, and metabolic syndrome (3. Optimal vitamin D range depends on many factors. So how much do you need? At the first annual IHH- UCSF Paleo Symposium in San Francisco this year, nutritional biochemist Dr. Chris Masterjohn summarized evidence suggesting that optimal vitamin D levels may vary from population to population, despite the fact that there is currently only one reference range used for all patients. Ethnicity is one major consideration.

For example, blacks have lower 2. OH)D than whites in the U. S., yet they typically have much higher bone mineral density. Furthermore, non- Caucasians have lower 2. OH)D levels than Caucasians, even at their ancestral latitudes (3.

From these and other studies, it has been suggested that people with non- white ancestry may be adapted to a lower optimal 2. OH)D level than people with white ancestry. Another factor that influences toxicity is nutritional status.

The fat- soluble vitamins A, D, and K work synergistically, and adequate vitamin A and K may protect against toxic effects of excess vitamin D (3. Sufficient levels of potassium and magnesium have also been suggested to protect against vitamin D toxicity (3.

Unfortunately, most people are deficient in these micronutrients in the developed world, making them more susceptible to vitamin D toxicity. What about optimal vitamin D range from an evolutionary perspective? A study on traditionally living hunter–gatherer populations in East Africa found that the Masai and Hadzabe tribes had average 2. OH)D concentrations of 4. Watch Battle Beyond The Stars Online Hulu there.

L and 4. 4 ng/m. L, respectively (3. These indigenous populations get a great deal of sun exposure but also have very high intakes of vitamins A and K, suggesting that these levels are probably towards the higher end of the optimal range for most people in the modern world.

Using parathyroid hormone levels to individualize vitamin D testing. As we saw in the last section, 2. OH)D lab ranges should vary by population, genetics, and nutritional status. In the absence of specific ranges, we need other biological markers that can help to clarify vitamin D status. To find these biological markers, we need to look at how vitamin D is metabolized. When UVB contacts the skin epidermis, vitamin D is produced from 7- dehydrocholesterol. This vitamin D then travels in the blood to the liver, where it undergoes primary hydroxylation (the addition of a hydroxyl group, consisting of one oxygen and one hydrogen atom) on the 2.

The result is 2. 5(OH)D, which is the metabolite most widely used to assess nutritional vitamin D status.